Human Genetics :: essays research papers fc

Human Genome Project A genome is defined as the complete collection of an organisms genetic material. The human genome is composed of about 50,000 to 100,000 genes located on 23 pairs of chromosomes in a human cell. It is said that a single human chromosome may contain more than 250 million DNA base pairs, and it is estimated that the entire human genome consists of about 3 billion base pairs. The DNA is gathered through blood samples taken from many different people. Though each person has a unique set of DNA the difference in a given pair of samples is less than 1 percent making the differences pale in comparison to the similarities. The Human Genome Project is an international collaboration of scientists who’s goal is to gain a basic understanding of the genetic blueprint of a human being. This information is found in each cell of the body, encoded in the DNA. The intent of this project is to identify all genes in the nucleus of a human cell, to map where those genes are on the chromosomes of the nucleus, and to determine the seqeuncing or the order of these chemical subunits of the DNA. The idea to undertake such a project was came about through a series of scientific conferences held between 1985 and 1987. The actual project ,however, did not begin until 1990 with the expansion of funding from the NIH and DOE. There are many nations involved with this project as part of an informal pact including France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and many other european nations. Also in an effort to speed up the mapping and sequencing process several private companies have been enlisted to help such as Celera Genomics. Today there is a lot of research being done under the umbrella of the Human Genome Project. For instince gene therapy is being developed as a very real cure for such hereditary diseases as Cystic Fibrosis and Parkinsons where somewhere in the genetic make up of the body there is a glich tht alows the nervous tissue of the brain to deteriorat e at a slow but steady rate. With gene therapy we will be able to replace the tissue in the brain with correctly funtioning tissue from an animal such as a pig. As of early 1999 the Human Genome Project was ahead of schedule. There is said to be nearly 10 percent of the genome sequenced already or about 7,600 genes have been mapped to particular chromosomes.

Teachers and maintenance discipline in a classroom situation

In order to hold a better as a schoolroom director ( instructor ) one must hold the followers: Handle every sort of schoolroom subject job Learn to convey any schoolroom under control Get the pupils ‘ attending Let there be regard for each other particularly sentiments or replies and There must be quietness If one can conceive of himself or herself in the schoolroom twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours passing all the clip learning to an attentive category. As a instructor you will demo the deep rooted love in replying the call as a instructor. A instructor whose pupils are punctual because promptness is the psyche of concern, respectful on undertaking and attentive all the will decidedly bask his or her undertaking. Form my observation Manchester Academy is one of the schools that keep schoolroom under control, and this shows a clean and clear apprehension of planning. Knowing how to maintain a schoolroom non merely controlled but on undertaking and attentive is the most important accomplishment a instructor can hold, without which no effectual instruction can take topographic point. At Manchester Academy I observed the school has a batch to offer and they have given themselves clip to offer it, because it is non a nice feeling traveling to category mundane feeling you do non hold the necessary tools to acquire the acquisition atmosphere you justly deserve. It is a nice feeling traveling to your category knowing that you will be learning in a favorable ambiance that is contributing to larning and that you have the tools to manage any state of affairs, alternatively of seeking to convey order or shushing a inveterate riotous pupil or shouting that there should be quietness every clip. Manchester Academy displayed that spirit during the reading lessons. As instructors we do non desire our schoolrooms to be orderly merely for its ain interest or because we are on some sort of power trip, but so that we can give pupils what we have to offer. Sometimes you find you want to larn this from person who does non hold to be that right, but who has had to set up schoolroom control even inside the worst behaved schoolrooms found anyplace in the universe. Management and subject are the chief ingredients in the instructors ‘ planning. Sound subject and direction underpins every facet of the school life. For successful instruction and acquisition to take topographic point it is of import that good subject exist in every schoolroom in peculiar and in the school as a whole. Harmonizing to Hill & A ; Hill ( 1997: 16 ) † scholars learn to the best of their abilities in an orderly and safe environment. † Research workers like Potgieter, Visser, Van der Bank, Mothata and Squelch ( 1997:59 ) stated that â€Å" if subject is non taken into consideration, the school environment will be unsafe in the educational procedure may be disrupted. † This may besides impact the educational attainment of scholars. In this respect Levin & A ; Nalon ( 1991:30 ) province that, â€Å" in add-on to the obvious impact on the instruction and larning environment riotous behavior, can besides impact the scholars ‘ safety, preparednes s to larn every bit good as future behavior. † In add-on, Hill & A ; Hill ( 1994:6 ) â€Å" if subject can destruct the possibility of a safe and orderly environment and thereby a shackle the nucleus intent of the school. † It is hence necessary that subject is maintained in a school for the public assistance and safety of scholars and pedagogues, and for the success of the educational procedure. Learners in the farther instruction are working hard to organize the ain individualities asseverating power through the brilliant by presenting instructors. Coetzer & A ; Le Roux ( 1996:84 ) endorse this position when they stated that, â€Å" modern kids and young person want to set up their ain life, and by making so will melt Rebel against subject and authorization. † They sum up by stating that â€Å" the young person have been emancipated to populate their ain life styles as they see it fit and accept values different from the society. â€Å" Sowetan ( South Africannewspaper ) of Thursday March, 17 2011: 5 ( Early edition ) states that â€Å" we call on all students to contend fire with fire-when instructors hit you, you must hit back. â€Å" As a consequence, instructors experience troubles, experiencing that they are challenged and might lose control. A deficiency of subject in public schools is experient all over the universe. Wayson & A ; Pinnell ( 1994:1534 ) â€Å" The deficiency of scholar subject in many public schools throughout the universe has been a affair of great concern for school direction and instructors, to a lesser extent for scholars themselves parents and the general populace. † Harmonizing to Charles ( 1996:3 ) legion surveies that were conducted in the USA in 1992, have listed subject is a major job with which instructors must postulate and a important factor in instructors go forthing the profession. In add-on to the job, Charles ( 1996:3 ) provinces, â€Å" instructors try to reassign off from the schools that have high degrees of misbehavior, live in such schools in the custodies of instructors non yet skilled in exercising keeping subject. † From a personal observation and informal interviews with instructors I as a school teacher at a 2nd at the school have concluded that it is subject is non prevailing in Manchester Academy. The bulk of instructors seem to believe that scholars should non be left entirely to their ain devices without being controlled or supervised. The position of supervising featured Manchester Academy High School. Learners are non left to act in whatever manner they wish. The instructors in the Manchester Academy are non kicking that they are making more policing work than learning in the schoolroom. Manchester Academy has a computerized manner of tracking and training scholars who misbehave harmonizing to the type of offenses. Teachers do non pass clip disproportionately covering with this riotous behavior of scholars and the consequence of the actions. Apparently Manchester Academy impart their perceptual experiences in such a manner that scholars took positively towards benefits of instruction. Proper, important and sympathetic counsel of class will ever help scholars to see the demand to set up good resonance with instructors and eventually with parents. It is the duty of the instructors to keep a civilization of instruction and acquisition in schools, but it is non possible to make so if the subject and the safety are non considered in the school environment. Disintegrated subject causes trouble in the attainment of school aims. Schools become there is functional when both scholars and instructors can non work efficaciously and expeditiously under conditions which are non contributing and are shocking. Learners can non set down and instructors can non learn in an insecure environment. A safe an orderly school environment is a requirement for acquisition and instruction to take topographic point. Thus instructors can merely dispa tch their professional responsibilities if there is order and subject in both the schoolroom and the school as a whole.How can teachers keep subject?Research workers are of an sentiment that instructors play a critical function in keeping subject and control within the school. Harmonizing to Joubert & A ; Prinsloo ( 1999:55 ) , â€Å" pedagogues are responsible to keep subject at all times. † Varma ( 1993:31 ) provinces that, â€Å" beyond their duty for learning, pedagogues are besides responsible for the moral development of scholars and to guarantee that they become observant citizens. † This implicitly means that within the school community, instructors are expected to react in a commanding Y to misdemeanors of the institutional regulations and of the school and signifiers such as larceny, and strong-arming that has a direct bearing on the moral sphere. The Department of Education besides demands that subject be maintained in school so that civilization of instruct ion and acquisition is realized. Harmonizing to Section 8 ( 1 ) Of the South African Schools Act ( SASA ) ( RSA, 1996 a: 8 ) , subject must be maintained in the school and schoolroom state of affairss so that the instruction of scholars flourishes.Teachers are in fact expected to manage riotous scholars in the categories so that scholars can concentrate on the school assignment. Butchart & A ; McEwan support this position by saying that, â€Å" inequality school, pedagogues must larn how to manage a riotous scholar in a manner that is non punitory, yet gets the state of affairs under control and at the same clip opens the scholars in head to work in category †How to match subject and equity?One of the inquiries on the questionnaire is â€Å" what is your ( instructor ) function in a show in subject in your school? † Harmonizing to Hosten et Al ( in Oosthuizen 1985:59 ) explains fairness as â€Å" the moral value that serves as a norm to guarantee nonpartisanship when covering with viing involvements of assorted topics. † This denotes that the involvements of both instructors and scholars must be protected. The scholars are the legal topics and have legal rights that should be protected. The scholars other legal topics and have legal rights that should be protected. Section 12 ( 1 ) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa ( RSA, 1996 degree Celsius: 8 ) . In this independent survey support ( ISS ) hungry and took shy to reply inquiries that have been asked in the questionnaire. Manchester Academy claim to be executing really good in footings of subject, direction and leading since its passage. Now strategies for good schoolroom subject could be based on both standard and student behavioral facet to do subject more effectual. The followers may perchance help instructors to better the jobs that may be at that place in state of affairss, that is, they might be underlying issues in the school and has to be solved in expectancy.Aid to scholars and their voice.Teachers should steer scholars towards their ain behavior. Passing opinion on lawbreakers ‘ action instructors should alternatively inquire inquiries that encourage scholars to judge their ain behavior. They should remain focused and if need be, assist scholars to accept ownership of their actions. Teachers should steer scholars for bettering future behavior. They should inquire scholars to explicate alternate ways of acting the following clip they are confronted with similar state of affairss. Teache rs should construct scholars ‘ committedness to their programs by giving them feedback and support. Learners will experience more committed if instructors acknowledge the cogency of their programs. Making this could be every bit simple as oculus contact. Teachers should non let onionskin alibis are the lone service to avoid duty. Harmonizing to Rich ( 1982:169 ) â€Å" school regulations may be breached when scholars feel that they are undue † . This will doubtless go on if scholars were non allowed to take portion in the preparation of regulations. It is hence necessary that scholars must understand why regulations have been formulated and why they should follow with them. Again, harmonizing to Blandford ( 1998:39 ) â€Å" a school without an effectual subject policy that encompasses schemes and mechanisms that are available to all the members of the school community, can non work as a centre for learning and larning. † The procedure of developing and implementing subject policy involves collaborative decision-making. Therefore, all the members of the school should hold an chance to take portion in the decision-making. Sunday Times ( South African newspaper ) of 12.01. 1992, noted that â€Å" grade 12 scholars in black townships in South Africa, were continuously neglecting because of the conspicuous deficiency of subject among them. † It is of import that subject should be maintained at all times in schools and that each and every school must hold a codification of behavior. Teachers should avoid doing irrelevant regulations because this will make serious disciplinary jobs in the school and the schoolroom. McQueen ( 1992:56 ) supports this position and infinite that â€Å" irrelevant regulations are useless and black because ailing chosen regulations will make serious direction and disciplinary jobs in the schoolroom state of affairs.Motivating and promoting scholars.They word â€Å" motive † is derived from a Latin word â€Å" movere † significance to travel ( McLean, 2003:7 ) . Therefore, motive is the amount of all that moves a individual to action. To actuate indicate tha t one individual provides another individual with a motivation to make something. Motivation can be regarded as the cardinal facet of emotional intelligence. Harmonizing to the South African Oxford Dictionary ( 1998:285 ) . The term â€Å" motivate † means to give a individual a motivation or inducement to make something. Harmonizing to Word mention online, con sized Oxford lexicon ( 2008 ) the word â€Å" motive † means â€Å" excite the involvement of. † First, it has a directional undertakings taking among options and keeping the action desired. Second, it has strength, for illustration degree of enthusiasm ( McLean 2003:37 ) . Harmonizing to Burden ( 1995:16 ) . Most pedagogues use the construct motive to depict â€Å" those procedures which can elicit any initiate behavior, continue to let the behavior to prevail, and lead to taking or preferring a specific behavior. † Teachers are hence interested in a peculiar kind of scholar motive which is to act uate scholars to larn. Teachers should guarantee that scholars are motivated to larn and act suitably because demotivated scholars get discouraged easy. Teachers should honor scholars when they are acting good for finishing their work. They should make this through congratulations and category acknowledgment. Any program for covering with misbehaviour must include encouragement of good behavior, otherwise learners learn what they are non make, but they have non learnt what they should make. To further discourse the impact of schoolroom subject is partially involves on the scholars conduct, are the ability and accomplishments that instructors should hold. Patience comes foremost, particularly when a scholar has a behavioral job, and this should be given attending in an appropriate manner, hence as portion of the instructors responsibilities and duties. Making it a point that effectual instruction makes scholars learned. The instructor plays a important function in which it imparts the cognition and accomplishments to the scholars and the instructor should love and demo the deep-seated love in the calling that is believed he or she chose it volitionally. The instructor must hold the enterprise on how to cover with each scholar in category, doing it his or her responsibility to affect to maintain scholars busy and at the same clip see their category as gratifying and holding a great impact on the field of larning. Taking into awareness that scholars differ in their abilities and instructors should cognize up to what extent would a peculiar be able absorb the lesson. Skills coupled with effectual schoolroom subject can be acquired through pattern, holding feedback and besides willing to accept merely errors is no 1 is infallible. Teachers must walk the talk. Teachers who have many old ages of experience have contributed to a specific position of what peculiar technique work and what are the relevant methods that may non be applicable in training a category with such inevitable scholars ‘ behavioral facet. The instructor must do it a point that the instruction method and manner or managing subject must keep a sort of ambiance that enhances larning for the scholars. The manner the category is arranged signifiers portion of category subject. A good category agreement makes it easy to keep subject. It is the instructors ‘ duty to be argus-eyed at all times to supervise and detect scholars ‘ public presentation in activities. Apparatus, books learning AIDSs and other stuff should ever be readily available. Harmonizing to Ofsted study of the 30th to 31st of March 2009. It is stated that Manchester Academy is † outstanding † This shows that Manchester Academy as a school is working really hard to bring forth good hereafter citizens. The 2009 study further stated that the school aims to to the full fit the pupils in such a sensible mode. Learners are expected to travel into the outside universe, skilled and ready to run into the demands of life. Parents and instructors have a responsibility to fix them to execute good in the community every bit good is in the universe of work. They must hold an impact upon the scholars ‘ behavior by learning them about the determinations and choices the scholars have to do every twenty-four hours and how such determinations and hints affected their lives, both at school and thenceforth. For illustration, â€Å" a disciplinary step against a scholar who comes to school tardily will help to promote him or her to be on clip and be more responsible and accountable in the hereafter ( Lemmer, 1998:47 ) . Discipline challenges the scholars to make self-contemplation about their end and intent in life. Discipline should stress success and non failure. It should help the scholars to develop their single abilities in order to run into challenges of life with assurance. If this has occur red the scholars would hold gained a sense of security and significance in life through subject Lent at school.Decision.Learners of Manchester Academy are good disciplined. They are good motivated and they besides had an chance to research themselves outside the schoolroom, hence they say that they are â€Å" prepared exceptionally good for farther survey and work beyond the school. † The school ‘s positive clime and success are obtained from the good behavior of scholars. The instructors in a subject school our free and happy to learn without being preoccupied with tenseness and fright caused by misconducting scholars. The disciplinary jobs that are common in lending to, indiscipline in Manchester Academy seems to be identified and discussed with scholars so that proactive actions are taken to advance good subject. Rights and responsibilities of instructors and their part in keeping subject merely at that place because it is said that the â€Å" follow policy. † See appendix. Educators seem to back up the school principal/headmaster by guaranting that the scholars observe school regulations and ordinances in they are held responsible for any misbehaviour hence the school has a commission responsible for behavior harmonizing to their types. Teachers can non work in isolation in acquiring read of ill-disciplined behavior in category in the school as a whole. It takes an attempt from all the stakeholders, including the school, parents and scholars to minimise deficiency of subject. See appendix.

Kite Runner Redmption

One of the main themes of the novel The Kite Runner Is redemption. Throughout the novel, the main character, Amir, seeks redemption for his sins. Amir states in the first chapter of the novel that he has a past of â€Å"unatoned sins. † Throughout the novel, The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini uses the following symbols to express the theme of redemption: The scar above Amirs lip, the lamb and the blue kite. The scar above Amirs lip represents the redemption Amir attained by rescuing Sohrab.Amir travels to Afghanistan to rescue Sohrab, who is being exploited by a Taliban leader. The Taliban leader turns out to be an old enemy from Amirs childhood, Assef. Amir must fight Assef in order to leave with Sohrab. During the fight Amir is beaten brutally until Sohrab shoots Assef with his slingshot. Amir is left with a scar above his right lip, strikingly similar to the one Hassan had after having surgery for his cleft lip. At the beginning of the novel, Amir watches Hassan get raped, bu t he did not intervene.The guilt from that day haunts him throughout the novel. At one point, Amir even tries to force Hassan to beat him up, as though the only thing that could redeem Amir was being beaten, but Hassan does not and Amir is even more ridden with guilt. When Rakim Khan calls amir, he says, â€Å"Come, This is a chance for you to be good again. † It is clear Rakim Khan understood the guilt that Amir was feeling, and realized that Amir had been searching for redemption all his life. Khan new that rescuing Sohrab was the only way Amir could truly find redemption.The rescue of Sohrab, was the rescue of an innocent, the rescue of a lamb. Throughout the novel, a reoccurring image of a sacrificial lamb represents a path to redemption. Amir tells the reader how during the Muslim holiday of Eid-Al-Ahda, the Mullah sacrifices a lamb. The look on the lamb’s face during the sacrifice stays with Amir for the rest of his life. When Amir witnesses Asseff rape Hassan, h e remarks, â€Å"I caught a glimpse of his face. Saw the resignation in it. It was a look I had seen before. It was the look of the lamb.†Once more in the novel, Amir is reminded of the lamb, when he witnesses Asseff exploit Sohrab. The link between Hassan, Sohrab and the Lamb is their innocence; Because Amir betrayed an innocent Hassan, he must save an innocent to be redeemed, Sohrab is this innocent lamb. By ending the exploitation of this figurative lamb, Amir attains redemption for his sin. Finally, returning with the blue kite was an avenue of redemption for Amir. Every winter, in Kabul, there was a large kite-fighting tournament.The tournament was a big deal to the people of Kabul. Amir and Hassan won the tournament, but in order to truly be victorious, Hassan had to retrieve the blue kite so Amir could bring it home as a trophy. During the kite tournament Amir states, â€Å"All i saw was the blue kite. All i smelled was victory. Salvation. Redemption. † Specific ally, redemption in the eyes of Baba. Amir had stated earlier in the novel how he thought Baba thought of him as weak, but this was Amirs chance to be strong in the eyes of Baba, and end Amirs longing for Baba’s love.In conclusion, the rescue of Sohrab, the sacrificial lamb and the blue kite represent redemption for Amir’s sins. Redemption is a main theme of the novel, and Khaled Hosseini uses the aforementioned symbols to tell the story of Amir’s quest for redemption. Amir’s quest makes one question whether sometimes the sinner, is also the victim. As a mere child, Amir betrayed his friend, out of fear, out of cowardice, and out of selfishness, but he did not know that decision would haunt him for the rest of his life. Did he really deserve the punishment befallen on him?

Economics Unit Portfolio Essay

1) In 1861 Abraham Lincoln introduced income tax during the Civil War when he needed money to pay his army. 2) That every consumer paid the same tax for the product no matter what their income is. 3) I would agree with Benton McMillin. Education is one considered a free institution. Using the education system helps someone become smarter and that helps accumulate wealth. Part 2 – Internet Taxation 1) Because not collecting tax means the internet retailer can offer lower prices than other stores. It can kill their business with lower profit margins. 2) Taxing internet retailers would discourage investment employment growth. The shipping costs for online transactions can cancel out any price advantage. 3) I disagree that taxing the internet would discourage new technology investment and employment growth. 4) Computer hardware is more expensive than books or clothing. Part 3 – Economic Detective activity 1) With the decline in business in Centreville the tax base will drop. There will be smaller amount of businesses and people paying taxes. 2) The operating budget would decrease because of the decline in businesses. 1) Increase fines for texting while driving, drunk driving, tailgating,  aggressive driving, public intoxication, toll violations and other crimes. Increase fines for all violators of health and safety regulations in business, especially the food service industry. Lower the taxes can increase economic activity and provides incentives for taking risks in investments. 2) Increasing fines for individuals or businesses. 1) A. By using the capital funds from the other project to buy the warehouse. B. The indoor mall would attract businesses to lease from the city in the mall. 2) There will be more revenue from the sales and more jobs for people of the city. 3) Tax deductions for energy savings. Corporate income tax credit. Sales tax exemption. Payroll tax deductions. Part 4 – Summary questions 1) Challenges to implement a fair tax system: a. People agreeing on a fair tax system. It seems that most will not agree on every aspect of creating a fair tax system. b. Implementing a fair tax system would take power out of the hands of politicians. c. The poor would suffer more than the wealthy with a fair tax system. 2) Sales tax. Each person is charged at the same rate on their purchases. The wealthy will pay more sales tax because they have more disposable income.

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 16

Essay Example On the other hand, if the setting is changed to a penthouse in Los Angeles, the characters of the story would probably, exhibit much more blasà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ attitude towards life and relationship. The penthouse epitomizes wealth and thus the value system of the family would not be grounded to earth, displaying a careless attitude towards familial ties and genuine concern for each other. Their superficial lifestyle would dictate their actions and behaviour in public which might be totally at odds with their nature and general attitude towards things and people. In the new circumstances, the mother would appreciate and get along better with Dee as she is more inclined to climb social ladder with her ambitious nature and inherent tendencies for ruthlessness who would not hesitate in crushing the weak to reach her goal. The mother would be impatient with the timid and sensitive Maggie and would probably keep berating her for lack of confidence and other shortcomings. Despite her big built and manly disposition, the mother would be carelessly proud of her physical stature and make sure that it becomes recognized as her style statement. Dee would grow up to be highly fashion centric person who would also be extremely self-centered because of her good looks. She would show all the characteristics of a spoiled rich girl who would continuously desire what others have. Supported by a mother who promotes her shallow aims and objectives, Dee would symbolize the degenerating values of the rich for whom wealth dominates decent human values, including love and relationships. Her material goods and artificial lifestyle would bespeak of her shallow personality that depends on the fragile covering of the modern day Cinderella that can be shorn away with very little effort. Maggie would probably be the only character in the story that would not much change. Though still timid, she would show strong character traits by

History Exam Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History Exam - Research Paper Example Making use of the contacts acquired along the silk route, Europe, and especially Spain, was learning several things from Asia, China and the Islamic world. Europeans tried to learn the craft of textile weaving and dyeing from Indians and Chinese (Pomeranz, 45). Africa was the most skilled manufacturer of steel and iron (Pomeranz, 45). In health care also, Europe had one or two things to learn from the Asian cities (Pomeranz, 46). There was technology transfer happening along the silk road from Europe to Asia and Africa as well. The spread of printing technology was an example. Cultural exchanges also enriched different civilisations along this trade route. But the fall of Mongol empire was fatal to the travels and transactions through this route and soon it disintegrated. The silk road was abandoned by European nations by sixteenth century as â€Å"lack of a unifying political authority in Central-Asia made long-distance overland trade in expensive goods less and less viable† (Foltz, 143). The Islamization of the silk road and the rising conflicts between Islamic world and the Christian world made Europeans think of viable trade alternatives (Foltz, 143). China and India were the new avenues to be explored but Europe yet had not access to these lands unless through Central Asia. The voyages to find a sea route to China and Asia accidentally led to the discovery of the New World, the Americas. The civilisation of Europe had a great cultural history to its credit until then.But gradually Europeans turned into the greatest colonisers and exploiters of the world. The material wealth and trade economy gained importance in the society than culture and human values. Atlantic islands were gaining importance in the life of Europe owing to three reasons. Many of these islands were virgin and extremely fertile  and could become the backdrop for highly productive agriculture (Parry, 121). The

The Goals of the U. S. Defence Department Network Essay

The Goals of the U. S. Defence Department Network - Essay Example The telegraph, radio, and telephone, which were the most commonly used medium of communication the past have been shadowed by the internet. The popularity of the internet has increased so much that it has become a worldwide network that has the capabilities to connect individuals via mobile/computer/smartphones/etc., irrespective of geographic constraints (Odlyzko, 2000, pp.31-56). The growth of internet can be attributed five major factors namely, technology, social, political, academic and commercial.  The Internet has evolved into a widespread information infrastructure but if one traces back its history it will be revealed that its origin is very controversial and complicated. Further, there are many factors that contributed its growth over the years including political, technology, academic, social and commercial. The objective of this study is to critically evaluate the factors that contributed to the growth of internet that consequently led to the development of e-commerce a s a new business practice. In the late 1950s, ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) was formed in the United States whose primary aims was to develop technologies that could endure any nuclear attack. A meeting between the private sector contractors, ARPA university with the representatives of US DOD (Department of Defence) in the year 1967 determined the possible protocols to be used when information exchange would take place via computers. This lead to the development of ARPANET in the year 1969. This network initially connected four sites – Stanford Research Institute, the University of California (in Los Angeles and Santa Barbara), and University of Utah. Most of the 70’s were dedicated by researchers to the development of protocols for moving messages across the system of networks, controlling network connections and also allowing remote access to networks.